The essential
drum rudiments guide.

The 40 PAS rudiments — and the classic 26 they grew from — are the alphabet behind every fill you've ever stolen off a record. Learn the sticking, learn where it hides in real grooves. Here are the ones worth your time first.

Accent placement drill configuration

Single Stroke Rudiments

Single Stroke Roll

RLRL RLRL

The foundation of all drumming. Alternating hands at any speed.

Single Stroke Four

RLRL

Four alternating strokes used as a quick fill or transition.

Single Stroke Seven

RLRLRLR

Seven alternating strokes, often used for odd-length phrases.

Double Stroke Rudiments

Double Stroke Roll

RRLL RRLL

Two strokes per hand. The bounce stroke that defines your technique.

Five Stroke Roll

RRLLR

Two sets of doubles capped with a single. The first roll rudiment every drummer learns.

Paradiddle Rudiments

Single Paradiddle

RLRR LRLL

The most versatile rudiment. Single-double pattern that moves accents around the bar.

Double Paradiddle

RLRLRR LRLRLL

Extended paradiddle with two extra singles. Great for 6/8 and triplet feels.

Triple Paradiddle

RLRLRLRR LRLRLRLL

Three singles before the double. Fits naturally into 16th-note phrases.

Paradiddle-Diddle

RLRRLL

Single then two doubles. The six-note engine behind gospel chops and jazz fills.

Flam Rudiments

Flam

lR rL

Grace note before the main stroke. Adds thickness and texture.

Flam Accent

lR L R rL R L

Flam followed by two taps in a triplet pattern. The bread and butter of rudimental playing.

Flam Tap

lR R rL L

Flam followed by a tap with the same hand. Develops control of the grace note.

Flamacue

lR L R L lR

A 5-note pattern with flams on the first and last notes — the accent lands on the second note.

Drag Rudiments

Drag (Ruff)

llR rrL

Two grace notes before the main stroke. Like a flam with an extra note.

Single Drag Tap

llR L rrL R

Drag followed by a tap. Common in marching and corps-style playing.

Lesson 25

llR L R

A drag followed by two taps, with the accent on the last note. A corps-style classic.

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